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PROCESS MEASUREMENT
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DI04041021
Code: DI04041021
Credits: 4
Semester 4
Nano
Process Measurement
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Follow on Instagram for UpdatesProcess Measurement Syllabus — Unit-wise Content
The official GTU curriculum for Process Measurement (subject code DI04041021) as prescribed for Nano · Semester 4 divides the course into 4 units, covering 101 listed topics. The unit-wise breakdown below is read from the GTU syllabus document for this subject code, so you can check what the course actually covers before deciding which papers to attempt.
Download the official syllabus PDF (DI04041021)Unit 1 Temperature Measurement Techniques
- 1.1. Introduction to Temperature Measurement
- 1.1.1. Temperature units and scales: Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), Kelvin (K)
- 1.1.2. Industrial temperature ranges
- 1.2.1. Seebeck effect (Thermoelectric principle)
- 1.2.2. Thermoelectric laws (Law of intermediate metals & temperatures)
- 1.2.3. Modern thermocouple types (J, K, R, S, T, N)
- 1.2.4. Cold junction compensation (CJC methods)
- 1.2.5. Thermocouple temperature calculation (mV- Temperature conversion using ITS-90 tables)
- 1.3. Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD)
- 1.3.1. Industrial RTD construction (Pt100, Class A/B)
- 1.3.2. Lead wire compensation – need & principle
- 1.3.3. Measuring circuits (2-wire, 3-wire, 4-wire)
- 1.4.1. NTC thermistor
- 1.4.2. PTC thermistor
- 1.4.3. Resistance-Temperature (R-T) characteristics
- 1.5. Integrated Circuit (IC) Temperature Sensors
- 1.5.1. Working principle
- 10. 20 % GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Automation and Robotics Subject Code : DI04041021 Subject Name : Process Measurement w.e.f. 2025-26 http://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 3 of 11
- 1.5.2. Common IC sensors (LM35, AD590, TMP36, digital sensors)
- 1.6. Non-contact Type Thermometry
- 1.6.1. Construction and Working Principles of: Radiation thermometer Optical pyrometer Infrared thermometer Fiber optic thermometer
- 1.7. Temperature Switches and Digital Thermostats
- 1.7.1. Operating principle
- 1.7.2. Types: Bimetal, Solid-state, Digital
Unit 2 Pressure Measurement Techniques
- 2.1. Introduction to Pressure Measurement
- 2.1.1. Types of pressure: Absolute, Gauge, Differential
- 2.1.2. Pressure unit conversion (Bar, Pa, psi)
- 2.2. Mechanical Pressure Instruments
- 2.2.1. Bourdon tube pressure gauge Basic construction (C-type, Helical, Spiral) Working principle
- 2.2.2. Diaphragm pressure gauge Construction, working and Applications
- 2.2.3. Capsule diaphragm gauge Construction, working and Applications
- 2.3. Electrical / Electronic Pressure Sensors
- 2.3.1. Strain-gauge pressure sensor
- 2.3.2. Piezoresistive pressure sensor
- 2.3.3. Piezoelectric pressure sensor
- 2.3.4. Capacitive pressure sensor Construction, Working principle and Applications for all above sensors (2.3.1 to 2.3.4).
- 2.4. Pressure Transmitters
- 2.4.1. Differential pressure (DP) transmitter Construction and working principle
- 2.4.2. Smart pressure transmitter Construction and working principle
- 8. 20 % Unit-III 3.1 Introduction to Level Measurement 9 20 % GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Automation and Robotics Subject Code : DI04041021 Subject Name : Process Measurement w.e.f. 2025-26 http://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 4 of 11 Level Measurement Techniques
- 3.1.1. Definition of level measurement
- 3.1.2. Units used for level measurement
- 3.2. Direct Level Measurement Methods
- 3.2.1. Sight Glass / Gauge Glass Working principle Industrial usage
- 3.2.2. Magnetic Level Indicator Working principle Industrial usage
- 3.3. Indirect Level Measurement Methods
- 3.3.1. Construction, working and applications of: Hydrostatic Pressure Method (Pressure Gauge Type ) Capacitance Level Detector Ultrasonic Level Detector Radar Level Detector (Non-contact radar & Guided wave radar) Laser Level Sensor
- 3.4. Level Switches
- 3.3.1. Working principle and applications of: Conductivity Level Switch Tuning fork level switch Capacitive Level Switch
- 3.5. Level Transmitters
- 3.5.1. Electronic level transmitters (Ultrasonic, Capacitive, Radar) Construction and working principle
Unit 3 Flow Measurement Techniques
- 4.1. Introduction to Flow Measurement
- 4.1.1. Need for flow measurement in Industry
- 4.1.2. Types of flow (Laminar/Turbulent)
- 4.2. Differential Pressure Flowmeters
- 4.2.1. Principle, construction, working and applications of: Orifice Plate Venturi Tube
- 4.3. Variable Area Flowmeter
- 4.3.1. Rotameter Principle, construction, working and applications
- 8. 20 % GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Automation and Robotics Subject Code : DI04041021 Subject Name : Process Measurement w.e.f. 2025-26 http://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 5 of 11
- 4.4. Modern Flowmeters
- 4.4.1. Principle, construction, working and applications of: Turbine Flow Meter Electromagnetic Flow Meter Ultrasonic Flow Meter (Doppler & Transit Time) Thermal Mass Flow Meter
Unit 4 Measurement of Speed, Force, Torque, Vibration and Humidity
- 5.1. Speed Measurement
- 5.1.1. Construction, working principle and applications of: Contact Tachometer (Mechanical / Digital) Non-contact Tachometer (Laser / Optical) Proximity Sensors for RPM (Inductive / Optical) Hall-effect Speed Sensor
- 5.2. Force and Torque Measurement
- 5.2.1. Construction, working principle and applications of: Load Cells Strain-gauge Force Sensors Torque Transducers (Rotary / Inline)
- 5.3. Vibration Measurement
- 5.3.1. Construction, working principle and applications of: Seismic Vibration Sensor Piezoelectric Accelerometer Vibration Analyzer (FFT, RMS)
- 5.4. Humidity / Moisture Measurement
- 5.4.1. Construction, working principle and applications of: Resistive Humidity Sensor Capacitive Humidity Sensor Digital Humidity Sensors (DHT, SHT Series)
- 10. 20 % Total 45 Hrs 100% GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Automation and Robotics Subject Code : DI04041021 Subject Name : Process Measurement w.e.f. 2025-26 http://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 6 of 11 SUGGESTED PRACTICAL EXERCISES: The following practical outcomes (PrOs) that are the sub-components of the COs. Some of the PrOs marked ‘*’ are compulsory, as they are crucial for that particular CO. These PrOs need to be attained at least at the ‘Precision Level’ of Dave’s Taxonomy related to ‘Psychomotor Domain’. Sr. No. Practical Outcomes (PrOs) Approx. Hrs. Required
- 1. Measure temperature using thermocouples and verify mV–°C conversion. 04
- 2. Measure temperature using RTD (Pt100) and determine R–T characteristics. 04
- 3. Measure temperature using thermistors (NTC/PTC). 04
- 4. Measure temperature using non-contact infrared and optical thermometers. 04
- 5. Measure pressure using Bourdon tube, diaphragm, and capsule gauges. 04
- 6. Measure pressure using strain-gauge, piezoresistive, and capacitive sensors. 04
- 7. Use differential pressure (DP) transmitter for pressure/level measurement. 04
- 8. Use smart pressure transmitter (4–20 mA / HART). 04
- 9. Measure liquid level using sight glass and magnetic level indicator. 04
- 10. Measure liquid level using ultrasonic / capacitive / radar level transmitters. 04
- 11. Test operation of float, conductivity, capacitive, and vibrating-fork level switches. 04
- 12. Measure flow rate using orifice plate and Venturi meter. 04
- 13. Measure flow rate using rotameter. 04
- 14. Measure flow using turbine, electromagnetic, ultrasonic, and thermal mass flowmeters. 04
- 15. Measure speed using contact tachometer. 04
- 16. Measure speed using non-contact tachometer. 04
- 17. Measure RPM using proximity sensors (inductive/optical) and Hall-effect sensors. 04
- 18. Measure force using load cell. 04
- 19. Measure torque using torque transducer. 04 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Automation and Robotics Subject Code : DI04041021 Subject Name : Process Measurement w.e.f. 2025-26 http://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 7 of 11 Sr. No. Practical Outcomes (PrOs) Approx. Hrs. Required
- 20. Measure vibration using seismic sensor and piezoelectric accelerometer. 04
- 21. Analyze vibration using vibration analyzer (FFT/RMS). 04
- 22. Measure humidity using resistive, capacitive, and digital humidity sensors. 04 Note i. More Practical Exercises can be designed and offered by the respective course teacher to develop the industry relevant skills/outcomes to match the COs. The above table is only a suggestive list. ii. The following are some sample ‘Process’ and ‘Product’ related skills (more may be added/deleted depending on the course) that occur in the above listed Practical Exercises of this course required which are embedded in the COs and ultimately the competency. Sr. No. Sample Performance Indicators for the PrOs Weightage in %
- 1. Prepare experimental setup 30
- 2. Operate the equipment setup or circuit 10
- 3. Follow safe practices measures 20
- 4. Record observations correctly 20
- 5. Interpret the result and conclude 20 Total 100 MAJOR EQUIPMENT/ INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE REQUIRED: These major equipment/instruments and Software required to develop PrOs are given below with broad specifications to facilitate procurement of them by the administrators/management of the institutes. This will ensure conduction of practical in all institutions across the state in proper way so that the desired skills are developed in students. Sr. No. Equipment Name with Broad Specifications PrO. No.
- 1. Thermocouple, RTD, and Thermistor trainer kits 1, 2, 3
- 2. Infrared thermometer & Optical pyrometer 4 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Automation and Robotics Subject Code : DI04041021 Subject Name : Process Measurement w.e.f. 2025-26 http://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 8 of 11
- 3. Digital temperature indicator 1, 2, 3, 4
- 4. Bourdon tube, Diaphragm & Capsule gauges 5
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