Unit 1 Cryogenic Refrigeration System

16 lecture hours

• Ideal refrigeration systems
• Joule Thomson system
• cascade / pre-cooled joule–Thomson \refrigeration systems
• expansion engine and cold gas refrigeration systems
• Philips refrigerators
• Importance of regenerator effectiveness for the Philips refrigerators
• Gifford-McMohan refrigerator
• Gifford double volume refrigerators analysis, COP, FOM, Program Name: Engineering Level: PG Branch: Cryogenic Engineering Subject Code : ME02074011 Course / Subject Name : Cryogenic Systems w.e.f. 2024-25 http://syllabus.gtu.ac.in Page no. 2 of 3 regenerators
• pulse tube refrigerators
• various types of pulse tube refrigerator
• Vuilleumier refrigerator
• Solvay refrigerator

Unit 2 Refrigerators for temperatures below 2K

• Magnetic refrigeration system
• Thermal valves
• Dilution refrigeration system 5 10

Unit 3 Gas liquefaction systems

16 lecture hours

• Thermodynamically ideal system and performance parameters
• Joule Thomson effect and adiabatic expansion
• liquefaction systems such as Linde Hampton
• precooled Linde Hampson
• Linde dual pressure
• cascade system
• Kapitza and Heyland systems
• liquefaction systems using expanders
• liquefaction systems for LNG, comparison of liquefaction systems
• Liquefaction systems for neon
• hydrogen and helium – Pre cooled Linde- Hampson system for neon and hydrogen
• Claude system for hydrogen liquefaction system
• Ortho-para- hydrogen conversion in liquefier
• Collins and Simon helium liquefaction system

Unit 4 Separation of gases using Adsorbents

8 lecture hours

• Principles of adsorption
• various adsorbents
• salient features – properties
• determination of mass of absorbents for the adsorption of gases
• Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) equation for single and multiple layers
• use of sorption process in cryogenics
• Static and dynamic arrangement for the sorption processes
• Adsorption columns
• PSA and VSA adsorption systems