Unit 1 Optical Wave Guides

5 lecture hours

• Light propagation in a linear dielectric media
• Cylindrical wave guide
• Boundary conditions
• Cut-off frequencies
• Linearly Polarized Modes
• Single Mode & Multi Mode fibers
• Step index Fiber
• Index profiles
• Graded Index Fiber
• Comparison of Optical fibers with other interconnects Types and classification of optical fibers

Unit 2 Signal degradation in Optical Fibers

4 lecture hours

• Fiber Attenuation
• Absorption losses
• Scattering losses
• Radiation losses
• Bending losses
• Measurement of losses
• Dispersion in fibers
• Effect of dispersion in communication link
• Importance of Nonlinear Effects
• Self-Phase Modulation
• Cross Phase Modulation

Unit 3 Dispersion Management

5 lecture hours

• Need for Dispersion Management
• Pre-compensation Schemes
• Post- compensation Schemes
• Dispersion-Compensating Fibers
• Fiber Bragg Gratings
• Optical Phase Conjugation
• Broadband Dispersion Compensation
• Tunable Dispersion Compensation
• PMD Compensation

Unit 4 Fiber Optic Components

4 lecture hours

• Conservation of Energy
• Isolators and Circulators
• Multiplexers and Filters
• Bragg Gratings
• Fabry-Perot Filters
• Multilayer Dielectric Thin-Film Filters
• Mach-Zehnder Interferometers
• Arrayed Waveguide Grating
• Optical Switches
• Wavelength Converters .
• Four waves mixing

Unit 5 Optical Transmitters

• LED & Laser Diodes
• Direct Band gap materials
• Population Inversion 4 10 in Laser Diodes
• Gain guided – index guided LDs, DFB/DBR lasers
• Quantum lasers
• Tunable Semiconductor Lasers
• Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers
• Transmitter Design

Unit 6 Optical Amplifiers

6 lecture hours

• Basic Concepts
• Semi-conductor Optical Amplifiers
• Amplifier Design
• Pulse Amplification
• System Applications
• Raman Amplifiers
• Amplifier Characteristics
• Amplifier Performance
• Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers
• Gain Spectrum
• Amplifier Noise
• Multichannel Amplification
• Distributed-Gain Amplifiers

Unit 7 Optical Receivers

5 lecture hours

• Basic Concepts
• PIN Photodiodes
• Avalanche Photodiodes
• Receiver Design
• Noise Mechanisms
• PIN Receivers
• APD Receivers
• Receiver Sensitivity
• Bit-Error Rate
• Minimum Received Power
• Sensitivity Degradation Coherent optical detection

Unit 8 Optical Fiber Link

4 lecture hours

• Fiber-optic communication system requirements
• Link Design
• Link Loss Budget - Power budget and time budget
• BER Optical Power Penalties
• Link Budget Analysis

Unit 9 Multichannel Systems

2 lecture hours

• WDM Light wave Systems
• High-Capacity Point-to-Point Links
• WDM Transmitters and Receivers
• System Performance Issues

Unit 10 WDM Network Elements and network design

6 lecture hours

• Optical Line Terminals
• Optical Line Amplifiers
• Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers
• OADM Architectures
• Reconfigurable OADMs
• Optical Cross connects
• All-Optical OXC Configurations
• Cost Trade- Offs: A Detailed Ring Network Example
• LTD and RWA Problems
• Dimensioning Wavelength-Routing Networks
• Statistical Dimensioning Models
• Maximum Load Dimensioning Models

Unit 11 OPTICAL NETWORKS

5 lecture hours

• Network Topologies - FDDI Networks: - Frame and Token formats - Network operation
• SONET/SDH: - Optical specifications - SONET frame structure - SONET layers - SONET/SDH networks. – Optical Network Survivability -Basic Concepts
• Protection in SO N E T / S D H, Protection schemes