Unit 1 Introduction

3 lecture hours

• Current energy scenario in the world and India
• Estimation of petroleum reserves
• Necessity of alternative fuels for an automobile
• Types of alternative fuels
• Essential properties of alternative fuels
• Comparison with conventional fuels
• Government policies and regulations

Unit 2 Biofuels

5 lecture hours

• Alcohol: Sources and production methods of methanol and ethanol
• Properties of methanol and ethanol as engine fuels
• Use of alcohols in SI and CI engines
• Engine performance by using blends of ethanol/methanol with gasoline
• Improvement/Change in emission characteristics with respect to percentage blending of alcohol with gasoline
• Recent advances in alcohol-fueled vehicles (materials
• fuel systems

Unit 3 Biofuels

10 lecture hours

• Bio-diesels: Sources and production materials for biodiesel
• Production methods and production economics of biodiesel
• Properties of Diesel - biodiesel blends
• Engine performance with biodiesel blends
• Recent advances in biodiesel vehicles (materials
• fuel systems
• emissions) Vegetable Oils: Various vegetable oils and their important properties
• Problems with Neat Vegetable Oil Fuel
• Different methods of using vegetable oils engines – Blending - Micro emulsification – Pyrolysis – Transesterification - Esterification
• Performance and combustion emission characteristics in diesel engines
• Synthetic Alternative Fuels: Di-Methyl Ether (DME)
• Pyrolysis gas/oil
• Synthetic gas/oil from plastic
• wood etc.
• Eco-Friendly Plastic fuels (EPF)

Unit 4 Gaseous Fuel Powered Vehicle

10 lecture hours

• Biogas: Introduction to biogas plant/system
• Process during gas generation
• Factors affecting biogas formation
• Effect of biogas on vehicle performance
• Modifications required in existing engine systems to use the biogas as a fuel LPG & CNG: Properties of L.P.G. & C.N.G. as engine fuels
• Fuel metering systems
• Combustion characteristics of the CNG & LPG, Effect of CNG & LPG on the engine performance
• cost, and safety of CNG & LPG, Comparison of LPG, CNG and biogas based on various parameters and properties
• Modifications required in existing engine systems to use LPG and CNG

Unit 5 Hydrogen Fuel Powered Vehicle

4 lecture hours

• Properties of hydrogen as an alternative fuel
• Production methods of hydrogen
• Describe various methods and challenges associated with the hydrogen storage and transportation
• Challenges associated with hydrogen as a fuel for IC engine and its solutions
• Hydrogen storage for automobile applications (I.C
• Fuel Cell)

Unit 6 Electric Energy Powered Vehicle

• Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs): Definition
• Types of EV, Advantages of EV over IC engine vehicle
• Components of BEV, Electric Batteries (Advance lead-acid
• Nickel– metal hydride
• Sodium chloride/nickel
• Analysis of electrical drive trains
• Electric Propulsion system
• List/example of Battery Electric Vehicles
• Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs): Definition and working principle of fuel cell
• Types of fuel cell
• Thermodynamic analysis of fuel cell
• Components of FCEV
• Architecture of FCEV
• List/example of FCEVs
• Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs): Definition
• Components of IC engine-based HEV, IC 8 11 Program Name: Bachelor of Engineering Level: UG Branch: Automobile Engineering Subject Code: BE05002061 Subject Name: Alternate Fuel and Power System engine-based HEV Propulsion system
• Types of hybrid drive train structure (Series configuration
• Parallel configuration
• Series-parallel configuration)
• Electric motors/generators for HEV, Electric-Fuel cell hybrid configurations
• CNG-electric hybrid configuration
• List/example of HEVs

Unit 7 Solar Powered Vehicles

2 lecture hours

• Solar cells for energy collection
• Layout of solar-powered automobiles
• Advantages and limitations

Unit 8 Non-Conventional Engine Power System

3 lecture hours

• Construction and working of Stratified charge engine
• Adiabatic engine
• Variable compression ratio engine
• Free piston engine
• Sterling engine
• Wankel engine