Unit 1 Requirements for fibre formation

2 lecture hours

• Degree of orientation
• chemical resistance
• Higher melting point etc

Unit 2 Inter polymer forces of attraction

2 lecture hours

• Hydrogen bond
• Vander Waal’s forces
• salt linkages
• cross links etc

Unit 3 Study of fine structure and polymer system of different natural and

6 lecture hours

• synthetic fibres viz. cotton
• nylon, etc

Unit 4 Various traditional and newer concepts behind order and disorder of

3 lecture hours

• fibres to reveal its structure viz. fringed-micelle structure
• chain- folding structure
• spheruletic crystallization
• shish-kebab structure, etc

Unit 5 Techniques to investigate fibre structure

3 lecture hours

• construction and working of electron microscopic techniques – Reflection electron microscope
• transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope  Principle
• application and working of spectroscopic techniques – IR spectroscopy
• UV/VIS spectroscopy
• NMR spectroscopy
• etc.  Principle
• application and working of diffraction investigations – Optical diffraction and X-ray diffraction

Unit 6 Mechanical properties of textile fibres

6 lecture hours

•  Theories of Tensile Properties - Technical terminologies
• quantities of stress-strain curves
• factors determining the result
• principles of instrumentation
• results for stress-strain curves of all textile fibres
• Factors influencing tensile properties  Theories of Mechanical properties – approaches
• structural effects in fibres
• effect of orientation
• phenomenon of ultimate failure and creasing  Elastic recovery – introduction and measurement
• effect of different parameters
• changes occurring on properties  Time effects and Visco-elastic properties – time-dependence
• concept of creep
• factors affecting creep
• visco-elastic behaviour of fibres

Unit 7 Fibre structure and water relations

•  Equillibrium absorption of water – humidity
• moisture regain and moisture content
• measurement of moisture regain
• relation between regain and humidity
• results for different textile fibres and their comparison
• factors affecting the results Swelling – technical significance
• swelling and its measurement in different directions
• results  Theories of mechanical sorption – adsorption and adsorption
• effect of hydrophilic groups sorption
• limited swelling
• surface adsorption
• relations between absorption
• swelling and elastic properties 04 9.5

Unit 8 Thermal Properties

3 lecture hours

• Technical parameters
• structural changes in fibres on heating
• Thermal transitions
• melting phenomenon
• concept of heat-setting

Unit 9 Optical Properties

• Concept of Refraction
• refractive index and birefringence
• Correlation between refractive index
• swelling and density of a fibre
• effect of orientation on birefringence
• phenomenon of dichroism
• relation between reflexion and lustre
• result of refractive indices and birefringence of different fibres

Unit 10 Electrical Properties

5 lecture hours

•  Dielectrical properties – permittivity
• dielectric constant
• factors influencing dielectric properties
• etc.  Electrical resistance – specific resistance
• methods and results of measurement
• factors influencing electrical resistance  Static Electricity – introduction
• measurement techniques
• generation and magnitude of charge
• action of surface coating

Unit 11 Fibre friction – technological effects, measurement and results,

2 lecture hours

• factors influencing the results
• nature of friction

Unit 12 Fibre Density – Introduction and measurement, values of densities

2 lecture hours

• for different fibres
• its effect on order