Unit 1 Basic antenna concepts

3 lecture hours

• Definition and functions of an antenna
• comparison between an antenna & transmission line
• radio communication link with transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna
• radiation patterns of antennas-field and power patterns
• all antenna types

Unit 2 Radiation of Electric dipole

5 lecture hours

• Potential functions and the electromagnetic field
• Oscillating electric dipole- derivations for E and H field components in spherical coordinate systems
• Power Radiated by a current element
• Application to antennas
• Radiation from quarter wave monopole and half wave dipoles
• Derivation for radiation resistance
• application of reciprocity theorem to antennas
• equality of directional patterns and effective lengths of transmitting and receiving antennas
• directional properties of dipole antennas
• antenna feeding methods

Unit 3 Antenna parameters and definitions

• beam area
• beam width- Half-Power Beam width (HPBW)and First Null Beam width(FNBW)
• Radiation Intensity
• Beam Efficiency
• Directivity and 5 Subject Code: 3161003 w.e.f
• AY 2018-19 directive gain
• radiation resistance
• radiation efficiency
• Antenna aperture- physical and effective apertures
• effective height
• transmission formula
• antenna field zones
• Transmission loss as a function of frequency
• Antenna temperature and signal to noise ratio

Unit 4 Arrays of point sources

6 lecture hours

• Expression for electric fields from two, three and N element arrays- linear arrays: Broad- side array and End-Fire array- Method of pattern multiplication- Binomial array- Horizontal and Vertical Antennas above the ground plane
• Effect of ground on ungrounded antenna
• Schelkunoff theorems for linear arrays
• Dolph-Tchebysheff distribution for linear arrays

Unit 5 Loop Antenna

2 lecture hours

• Small loop short magnetic dipole
• comparison of far field of small loop and short dipole loop antennas
• field pattern of circular loop antenna & radiation resistance of loop antenna
• directivity of circular loop antennas with uniform current

Unit 6 Helical antenna

2 lecture hours

• Helical geometry
• transmission radiation modes
• practical design considerations
• wide band characteristics of helical antenna

Unit 7 Arrays of dipoles & apertures

4 lecture hours

• 3 element dipole Array with parasitic elements
• Yagi-Uda array-function and its design
• Phased arrays
• frequency scanning arrays
• smart antennas
• long wire antennas
• location methods of feeding antennas
• folded dipole antennas
• matching arrangements

Unit 8 Reflector antennas

4 lecture hours

• Parabolic reflector
• paraboloidal reflector
• aperture Pattern of large circular apertures with uniform illumination
• off axis operation of paraboloidal reflectors
• Cassegrain feed system

Unit 9 Slot patch & Horn antennas

3 lecture hours

• Slot antenna
• its pattern
• Babinet’s principle and complementary antennas
• impedance of slot antennas, and horn antenna-function and types

Unit 10 Microstrip ( patch) antennas

4 lecture hours

• Rectangular and circular types-function
• features analysis
• design considerations and applications

Unit 11 Lens antennas

2 lecture hours

• Non-metallic Dielectric lens and artificial dielectric lens antennas
• reflector lens antennas

Unit 12 Broadband & Freq. Independent antennas

2 lecture hours

• Broadband antenna
• Frequency independent antenna
• log periodic antennas

Unit 13 Antennas for special applications

2 lecture hours

• Antennas design consideration for satellite communication
• antenna for terrestrial mobile communication systems, GPR, Embedded antennas, UWB, Plasma antenna

Unit 14 Antennas measurements

2 lecture hours

• Experimental set ups for measurement of radiation patterns
• phase polarization
• terminal impedance

Unit 15 Radio wave propagation

• Modes of propagation
• Ground Wave Propagation
• Structure of troposphere and ionosphere
• Characteristic of Ionospheric layers
• Sky wave propagation
• Definitions for Virtual height
• MUF and Skip distance, OWF, Fading
• ionospheric absorptions
• Multi- hop propagation
• Space wave propagation and Super refraction. 6 Subject Code: 3161003 w.e.f