Unit 1 Overview of the Compiler and its Structure Introduction to language

5 lecture hours

• processors and their real-world applications
• Detailed examination of compiler structure
• internal working, and the scientific principles behind compiler construction
• Fundamental understanding of interpreters and assemblers
• including distinctions between compilers and interpreters
• Compilation workflow from source code to target code
• Overview of related tools like assemblers and linkers ("cousins" of compilers) and various types of compilers

Unit 2 Lexical Analysis

5 lecture hours

• Exploration of the lexical analyzer's role in the compilation process
• Token specification and recognition techniques
• Understanding input buffering mechanisms
• Introduction to basic scanner design
• including practical implementation using Lex
• Application of finite automata concepts in token identification and lexical pattern recognition.k

Unit 3 Syntax Analysis

12 lecture hours

• Comprehensive understanding of parsers and context-free grammars (CFGs)
• Techniques to handle left recursion and apply left factoring
• Study of top-down and bottom-up parsing approaches
• including operator precedence parsing and LR parsing techniques
• Managing ambiguous grammars and using parser generators for automatic parser creation
• Syntax-directed definitions and the construction of syntax trees
• In- depth focus on S-attributed and L-attributed definitions and the use of translation schemes in syntax-directed translation

Unit 4 Error Recovery

• Study of various techniques for detecting and recovering from errors during compilation
• Comparison between ad-hoc methods and systematic approaches to maintain parser robustness and ensure reliable error handling

Unit 5 Program Name

6 lecture hours

• Bachelor of Engineering Level: UG Subject Code : 3174801 Subject Name : Compiler Design w.e.f. 2025-26 http://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page no. 1 of 2 5
• Intermediate-Code Generation :Detailed exploration of intermediate representations including different forms of syntax trees and three-address code
• Handling data types and declarations
• translating expressions to intermediate code, and performing type checking
• Application of syntax- directed translation techniques and the use of attributed grammars and definitions for code generation

Unit 6 Run-Time Environments Analysis of runtime behavior of programs,

6 lecture hours

• covering challenges posed by source language features
• Understanding storage organization
• stack-based memory allocation
• access methods for non-local variables, and efficient heap memory management during program execution

Unit 7 Code Generation and Optimization

6 lecture hours

• Discussion on critical design issues in code generation including selecting an appropriate target language and managing memory addresses
• Construction of basic blocks and control flow graphs
• with emphasis on optimizing basic blocks
• Implementation of a simple code generator and examination of both machine-dependent and machine-independent optimization strategies
• Techniques for error detection and recovery during code generation

Unit 8 Instruction-Level Parallelism

6 lecture hours

• Introduction to modern processor architectures and how instruction-level parallelism is leveraged
• Understanding constraints in code scheduling and strategies for basic-block scheduling
• Overview of assembler pass structures and their role in optimizing code execution